The fantastic rock formations of Cappadocia can be traced back ten million years to the eruptions of three huge volcanoes that left a layer of soft, porous rock over the entire region. Ancient civilisations then carved great caves and underground cities out of the soft volcanic rock, and sculpted it into increasingly bizarre shapes, most famously the ‘fairy chimneys’ of Goreme. Spend your Cappadocia holidays exploring hidden cave villages and small Byzantine churches sitting in the hollows of pale rocky valleys before retiring for the night to your extraordinary (and surprisingly comfortable) cave hotel, cut directly into the cliff.